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APA 7th Style:  Video & audio

UON Library guide for the APA 7th referencing style

YouTube and other short online clips

 

General Notes:
  • This information is suitable to use for the various free video hosting platforms, including YouTube, Vimeo, Dailymotion, etc.
  • The screen name on the account should be used as the author, regardless if they created the video or not.
  • Add the description of [Video] in square brackets after the title.
  • Include the full YouTube link. The 'Share' feature on YouTube can provide a shortened, usable link.
  • The name of the hosting site is required to be added before the access link.  This is a major revision for APA 7.
  • The words 'Retrieved from' are no longer required before an access link for videos.  This is a major revision for APA 7.
  • Do not include a full-stop after the URL at the end of the reference.
  • APA allows for links to be either plain text or 'active'. See the official APA Style Blog for more information.
  • Notes for TED Talk References (APA 7th Manual section 10.12)
    • When the TED Talk comes from TED’s website:
      • Use the name of the speaker as the author.
      • Use TED Conferences as the publisher of the TED Talk
    • When the TED Talk is on YouTube
      • Use the owner of the YouTube account (here, TED) as the author
      • Add the speaker in italics as part of the title 
      • Use YouTube as the publisher of the TED Talk
      • When the speaker is not listed as the author, integrate their name into the narrative in text if desired:

Shane explained that the artificial intelligence technically “did what they asked it to do—they just accidentally asked it to do the wrong thing” (TED, 2019, 8:51).
YouTube clip

Screen Name. (Year, Month Day). Title of video [Description]. Hosting Site. https://www...

 

Reference list examples:

Harold B. Lee Library. (2010, July 10). New spice: Study like a scholar, scholar [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/2ArIj236UHs

Vsauce. (2013, February 17). Is your red the same as my red? [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/evQsOFQju08

 

TED Talk reference list examples:

APA TED Talk examples

 

Need to quote from a video or audio content?

 

APA allows the use of a 'timestamp' for both direct quoting and paraphrasing from these sources.

Check the time that the quote starts and use that in place of a page number, e.g. (Moorhouse, 2015, 1:13:20). Here the 1:13:20 refers to 1 hour 13 minutes 20 seconds into the film, where the quote we want starts.

Hours/minutes/seconds follows the pattern H:MM:SS

Minutes/seconds follows the pattern MM:SS

Where you are only using seconds (e.g. for a short clip), use a zero at the front, e.g. 0:39 for 39 seconds.

 

Video Tutorial

This video will show you the basics of how to create in-text and reference list citations for short online videos using APA 7th style.

 

Podcast episodes

 

General Notes:
  • The hosts are credited as the 'authors'.  This is a major revision for APA 7.
  • Add the description of [Audio podcast episode] in square brackets after the title.
  • The name of the production company added before the access link.
  • Include the full podcast link.
  • The words 'Retrieved from' are no longer required before an access link for videos.  This is a major revision for APA 7.
  • Do not include a full-stop after the URL at the end of the reference.
Podcast episode

Host Surname, Initial. (Host). (Year, Month Day). Title of podcast episode (Episode number) [Description]. In Title of podcast series. Production Company. https://www...

 

Reference list examples:

Titi & Zakiya (Hosts). (2019, April 11). Lab 005: Wakanda forever [Audio podcast episode].  In Dope labs. Spotify Studios. https://www.dopelabspodcast.com/podcast-episodes/wakanda

 

Need to quote from a video or audio content?

 

APA allows the use of a 'timestamp' for both direct quoting and paraphrasing from these sources.

Check the time that the quote starts and use that in place of a page number, e.g. (Moorhouse, 2015, 1:13:20). Here the 1:13:20 refers to 1 hour 13 minutes 20 seconds into the film, where the quote we want starts.

Hours/minutes/seconds follows the pattern H:MM:SS

Minutes/seconds follows the pattern MM:SS

Where you are only using seconds (e.g. for a short clip), use a zero at the front, e.g. 0:39 for 39 seconds.

Films

 

General Notes:
  • It is not necessary to specify the version of the film that you watched (theatre, DVD, Blu-Ray, streaming).
  • The director is credited as the author of the film.  This is a major revision for APA 7.
  • Add the designation (Director) after their name.
  • Add the description of [Film] in square brackets after the title.
  • Finish the reference with the name of the production company.
  • Where there are multiple production companies, separate with a semicolon (;) as shown in the Brokeback Mountain example.
Films

Director Surname, Initial. (Director). (Year). Title of film [Description]. Production Company

 

Reference list examples:

Ayer, D. (Director). (2017). Bright [Film]. Netflix.

Lee, A. (Director). (2005). Brokeback mountain [Film]. River Road Entertainment.

Moorhouse, J. (Director). (2015). The dressmaker [Film]. Film Art Media.

 

Need to quote from a video or audio content?

 

APA allows the use of a 'timestamp' for both direct quoting and paraphrasing from these sources.

Check the time that the quote starts and use that in place of a page number, e.g. (Moorhouse, 2015, 1:13:20). Here the 1:13:20 refers to 1 hour 13 minutes 20 seconds into the film, where the quote we want starts.

Hours/minutes/seconds follows the pattern H:MM:SS

Minutes/seconds follows the pattern MM:SS

Where you are only using seconds (e.g. for a short clip), use a zero at the front, e.g. 0:39 for 39 seconds.

TV series episodes and webisodes

 

General Notes:
  • It is not necessary to specify how you watched the episode (TV, DVD, Blu-Ray, streaming).
  • The pattern for TV series episode is similar to a chapter in an edited book, with the writer/s and director credited as the authors, and the Executive Producers is the place of where Editors would be.
  • Add the designations (Writer), (Director), and (Executive Producer) after creators' names as appropriate.
  • Add the season and episode details in brackets after the episode title.
  • Add the description of [TV series episode] in square brackets after the season/episode information.
  • Finish the reference with the name of the production company.
TV series episode

Writer Surname, Initial. (Writer), & Director Surname, Initial. (Director). (Year, Month Day). Title of episode (Season X, Episode X) [Description]. In Initial. Executive Producer Surname (Executive Producer), Title of series. Production Company.

 

Reference list example:

Cain, W. (Writer), & Robinson, L. (Director). (2020). Eye of the needle (Season 1, Episode 14) [TV series episode]. In S. Schechter, S. Sklaver, C. Fedak, & G. Berlanti (Executive Producers), Prodigal son. Warner Bros. Television; FOX Entertainment.

 

Need to quote from a video or audio content?

 

APA allows the use of a 'timestamp' for both direct quoting and paraphrasing from these sources.

Check the time that the quote starts and use that in place of a page number, e.g. (Moorhouse, 2015, 1:13:20). Here the 1:13:20 refers to 1 hour 13 minutes 20 seconds into the film, where the quote we want starts.

Hours/minutes/seconds follows the pattern H:MM:SS

Minutes/seconds follows the pattern MM:SS

Where you are only using seconds (e.g. for a short clip), use a zero at the front, e.g. 0:39 for 39 seconds.

Recorded music

 

General Notes:
  • It is not necessary to specify how you listened to the album or song (CD or streaming).
  • Where the music is only available online (e.g. via Soundcloud) include a URL in the reference.
  • Add the description of [Album] or [Song] in square brackets after the title.
  • Finish the reference with the name of the record label, unless the work is classical, where the original publishing year should be added.
Album

Artist Surname, Initial. (Year). Title of album [Description]. Label.
Single song

Artist Surname, Initial. (Year). Title of song [Description]. On Title of album. Label.
Classical music album

Composer Surname, Initial. (Year). Title of album [Album recorded by Artist Name]. Label. (Original work published Year)
Classical music song

Composer Surname, Initial. (Year). Title of song [Song recorded by Artist Name]. On Title of album. Label. (Original work published Year)

 

Reference list examples:

 

CHVRCHES. (2018). Love is dead [Album]. Liberator Music.

Eurythmics. (2005). Love is a stranger [Song]. On Ultimate collection. RCA.

Initial Talk. (2020). Dua Lipa – Physical [Initial Talk remix] [Song]. https://soundcloud.com/initial-talk/dualipa-physical-initialtalk-remix

Larsson, Z. (2017). So good [Album]. Ten; Epic.

Mozart, W. A. (2011). Concerto for violin and orchestra, no. 4 in D major, K.218 [Song recorded by Pinchas Zukerman and the Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra]. On Concerto for violin and orchestra, no. 4 in D major, K.218. Deutsche Grammophon. (Original work published 1775)

Ronson, M. (feat. Cabello, C.). (2019). Find u again [Song]. On Late night feelings. Columbia.

 

Need to quote from a video or audio content?

 

APA allows the use of a 'timestamp' for both direct quoting and paraphrasing from these sources.

Check the time that the quote starts and use that in place of a page number, e.g. (Moorhouse, 2015, 1:13:20). Here the 1:13:20 refers to 1 hour 13 minutes 20 seconds into the film, where the quote we want starts.

Hours/minutes/seconds follows the pattern H:MM:SS

Minutes/seconds follows the pattern MM:SS

Where you are only using seconds (e.g. for a short clip), use a zero at the front, e.g. 0:39 for 39 seconds.

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