The Chicago Manual of Style covers two styles: Chicago A and Chicago B.
The Chicago A Style is commonly used in the humanities. It features numbered footnotes in the text, supplemented by an alphabetical bibliography at the end of the document. The bibliography may include the documents you consulted but not directly cited in your essay. See the examples of footnotes and bibliography.
This guide provides general rules and examples for citing a range of sources such as articles, books, web resources and more. See details under How to cite at the left of each page, or use the site index there.
For a quick overview of Chicago A style, watch the video by Academic Learning Support below
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Heard about Generative AI (such as ChatGPT), and wondering how to reference it in your assignments? It is an expectation of the University of Newcastle that all work submitted for assessment is the student's own original work. Prior permission must be obtained from a course coordinator before submitting work generated using an AI tool. If using Generative AI is permitted for your course, we've got referencing it correctly covered! See the newly added Generative AI section. |
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Please Note: This guide is based on the Chicago Manual of Style Online (CMOS) 17th edition, 2017. It provides general guidelines only. Your lecturer’s instructions overrule these guidelines. Students should always check their Course Outline for any variations required or consult their lecturer. |
The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition