Author Names
Chapter Titles
Editor Names
Book Titles
Edition
Page Numbers
Place of Publication is not needed in MLA 8th
Publisher
Year of Publication
eBooks Chapter
Secondary Sources
For citations taken from secondary sources, see Secondary Sources.
The following is the general format of a reference to a book chapter with one author from an edited book. Ignore the editor's element if the book is a single-author book (the author of the books is the author for all chapters), as shown in example 2, or simply reference the whole book.
See general rules for book chapters for more details.
... (Chapter Author's Last Name Page/s cited) ...
... (Ashman 28) ...
... (Brower 215) ...
Chapter Author's Last Name, First Name. "Chapter Title." Book Title: Subtitle, edited by Editor's First and Last Names, edition, Publisher, Year, pp. page range of chapter.
Ashman, Adrian. “Contemporary Cultures and Education.” Education for Inclusion and Diversity, edited by Adrian Ashman and John Elkins, 3rd ed., Pearson Education Australia, 2009, pp. 3-34.
Brower, Kate Andersen. “Backstairs Gossip and Mischief.” The Residence: Inside the Private World of the White House, Harper, 2015, pp. 207-22.
When a chapter has 2 authors, list both authors and use and (not &) to connect them.
The following is the general format of a reference to a book chapter with 2 authors from an edited book. Omit the editor's element if the book is a single-author book (not an edited book with different chapter authors).
See general rules for book chapters for more details.
... (Chapter Author's Last Names Page/s cited) ...
... (Juvonen and Graham 234) ...
First Chapter Author's Last Name, First Name, and 2nd Chapter Authors' First Name Last Name. "Chapter Title." Book Title: Subtitle, edited by Editor's First and Last Names, edition, Publisher, Year, pp. page range of chapter.
Juvonen, Jaana, and Sandra Graham. “Research Based Interventions on Bullying.” Bullying: Implications for the Classroom, edited by Cheryl E. Sanders and Gary D. Phye, Elsevier Academic Press, 2004, pp. 229-55.
When a chapter has 3 or more authors, list only the first author followed by et al. in the in-text citations as well as in the works-cited list.
The following is the general format of a reference to a book chapter with 3 or more authors from an edited book. Omit the editor's element if the book is a single-author book (i.e. not an edited book with different chapter authors).
See general rules for book chapters for more details.
... (First Chapter Author's Last Name et al. Page/s cited) ...
... (Marsh et al. 88) ...
First Chapter Author's Last Name, First Name, et al. "Chapter Title." Book Title: Subtitle, edited by Editor's First and Last Names, edition, Publisher, Year, pp. page range of chapter.
Marsh, Herbert W., et al. “In the Looking Glass: A Reciprocal Effects Model Elucidating the Complex Nature of Bullying, Psychological Determinants, and the Central Role of Self-Concept.” Bullying: Implications for the Classroom, edited by Cheryl E. Sanders and Gary D. Phye, Elsevier Academic Press, 2004, pp. 63-106.
eBook chapters follow the same formatting patterns as those of physical books, but with the DOI added to the end of the citation.
The following is the general format of a reference to an ebook chapter from an edited book. Omit the editor's element if the book is a single-author book (i.e. not an edited book with different chapter authors). If no fixed page numbers are available, cite a section title or other number in the text citation if available, or simply omit this element.
See general rules for book chapters for more details.
... (Chapter Author's Last Name Page/s cited) ...
... (Lamb 332) ...
Chapter Author's Last Name, First Name. "Chapter Title." Book Title: Subtitle, edited by Editor's First and Last Names, edition, Publisher, Year, pp. page range of chapter. Database, DOI.
Lamb, Stephen. “School Dropout and Completion in Australia.” School Dropout and Completion: International Comparative Studies in Theory and Policy, edited by Stephen Lamb, et al., Springer, 2010, pp. 321-339. SpringerLink, doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9763-7_18.
General guidelines:
eBook chapters without a DOI follow the same formatting patterns as those of physical books, but with the URL added at the end of the citation.
The following is the general format of a reference to an eBook chapter from an edited book without a DOI. Omit the editor's element if the book is a single-author book (i.e. not an edited book with different chapter authors). If no fixed page numbers are available, cite a section title or other number in the text citation if available, or simply omit this element.
See general rules for book chapters for more details.
... (Chapter Author's Last Name Page/s cited) ...
... (Martin 45) ...
Chapter Author's Last Name, First Name. "Chapter Title." Book Title: Subtitle, edited by Editor's First and Last Names, edition, Publisher, Year, pp. page range of chapter. Database, URL.
Martin, Andrew J. “Student Motivation and Engagement: Strategies for Parents and Educators.” Better Than OK: Helping Young People to Flourish at School and Beyond, edited by Helen Street and Neil Porter, Fremantle P, 2014, pp. 41-47. ProQuest Ebook Central, ebookcentral.proquest.com.
General guidelines:
The following is the general format of a reference to an entry from an electronic reference book. Omit the last element if the source is in print.
See general rules for book chapters for more details.
... (Entry Author's Last Name Page/s cited if available) ...
... (Middleton) ...
Entry Author's Last Name, First Name. "Entry Title." Book Title: Subtitle, edition, edited by Editor's First and Last Names, Publisher, Year, pp. page range of entry. Database, DOI or URL.
Middleton, Richard. “Lennon, John Ono (1940–1980).” Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, online ed., Oxford UP, 2017. Oxford Reference Online, doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/31351.
Citing the introduction, preface, foreword, or afterword is similar to citing a chapter, with the relevant descriptive term added after the title if there is one. If the introduction, preface, foreword, or afterword doesn't have a unique title, just omit the title element. The descriptive term should be capitalised, but not italicised nor enclosed in quotation marks.
The following is the general format of a reference to an introduction, preface, foreword, or afterword from a book and an edited book.
See general rules for book chapters for more details.
... (Preface Author's Last Name Page/s cited) ...
... (Felstiner xix) ...
... (Wallach xvi) ...
Preface Author's Last Name, First Name. "Preface Title." Preface. Book Title: Subtitle, edited by/by Editor/Author's First and Last Names, edition, Publisher, Year, pp. page range of preface.
Felstiner, John. Preface. Selected Poems and Prose of Paul Celan, by Paul Celan, translated by Felstiner, W. W. Norton, 2001, pp. xix-xxxxvi.
Wallach, Rick. “Cormac McCarthy's Canon as Accidental Artifact.” Introduction. Myth, Legend, Dust: Critical Responses to Cormac McCarthy, edited by Wallach, Manchester UP, 2000, pp. xiv-xvi.
Note: In the two examples above, the translator's and the editor's name appears as a surname only as their name has been given previously in full in the entry.