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JAMA Referencing Style:  Govt documents

UON Library guide to JAMA Referencing Style for UON staff and students

Government Documents and Reports

 

  • Italicize and capitalize the title of the government documents, bulletins, pamphlets, white papers or reports Headline Style. 

  • May use abbreviation Dept for department, for example, Dept of Health.

  • Include publication number such as report or document number if available.

  • Add the DOI to the reference if available. If no DOI is found, add the Accessed date and URL 

 

Reference list entry: format and example

 

Citation No. Author. Title: Subtitle. Document no if any. Publisher or Issuing Body; Year of Publication. Accessed Date. DOI or URL

 

1.   United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Women on the Run: First-​ Hand Accounts of Refugees Fleeing El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico. UNHCR; 2015. Accessed January 27, 2023. http://​ www.unhcr.org/​ 5630f24c6.pdf

2.   Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. National Sports Injury Data Strategy: Draft Consultation Report. Cat no INJCAT 222. AIHW, Australian Government; 2022. doi:10.25816/k4ng-yr95

3. Grall T. Census 2010 Report No. P60-​ 255: Custodial Mothers and Fathers and Their Child Support: 2013. US Census Bureau; 2016.

4. The Millennium Development Goals Report 2015. United Nations; 2015. Accessed Januray 31, 2023. https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/2015_MDG_Report/pdf/MDG%202015%20rev%20(July%201).pdf

Legal references

 

JAMA recommends using The Bluebook for legal citations with numerous variations for different types of sources and jurisdictions. For citing the Australian cases, legislation and other legal materials, students may follow the Australian guide to legal citation (AGLC).

Method of Citation

A legal reference may be included in the reference list in full, with a numbered citation in the text, or it may be included in the text parenthetically and not included in the reference list. In scholarly articles, a full citation in the reference list is preferred, but in a news article or book review, for example, a parenthetical citation in the text might be adequate. For example:

  • In a journal article: 
    • In-text citation: In the case of Rhoades v State1 Iowa Supreme Court stated ...
    • Reference list entry: 1. Rhoades v State, 848 NW2d 22 (Iowa 2013).
  • In a news article
    • In-text citation: In the case of Rhoades v State (848 NW2d 22 [Iowa 2013]) the Iowa Supreme Court stated ...
    • No reference list entry needed

The following citation formats and examples for Legislation, Cases, and Parliamentary Debates, are mainly based on the AGLC 4th ed.

If the item cited is consulted online from an official source, add the accessed date and the URL to the end of the citation.

 

Legislation

 

  • Legislation includes Acts, Bills, Regulations, Rules and other forms of legislation. Acts are the most commonly cited form of legislation.
  • Bills should be cited the same way as Acts, except the title and year should not be italicised. 
  • Pinpoint sections may be cited within the text if needed.

 

Reference list entry: Format and example

Citation Number. Short Title of Act Year of Act (Jurisdiction)

1. Family Law Act 1975 (Cth). Accessed January 31, 2023. https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2019C00101 

2. Evidence Act 1995 (NSW) 

3. Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme Bill 2009 (Cth)

4. Habeas Corpus Act 2001 (NZ) 

 

Cases

 

A citation of an Australian case should include the parties' names in italics, followed by the year of the report, volume number of the law report series, the abbreviation of the law report series, and the starting page of the case. The pinpoint page number/s may be cited in the text if needed.

Volumes of law report series are organised either by year or by volume number. Use square brackets when a law report series are organised by year and the year is essential to finding the case, for example, Rowe v McCartney [1976] 2 NSWLR 72; use round brackets when a law report series are organised by volume number and the year is not essential to finding the case. 

 

Reference list entry: Format and example

Note Number. Case Name (Year) Volume No Law Report Series Starting page.

  1.   Alati v Kruger (1955) 94 CLR 216

  2.   Kemp v The King (1951) 83 CLR 341

  3.   Wentworth v Rogers [No 5] (1986) 6 NSWLR 534

  4.   Rowe v McCartney [1976] 2 NSWLR 72

​

 

Parliamentary debates (Hansard)

 

A citation of Parliamentary debates (or Hansard) should include the Jurisdiction, followed by Parliamentary Debates, then Chamber, Full Date of Debate, and Name of Speaker. The pinpoint page number is an optional element and may be cited in the text or within the reference list entry as needed. 

If a speaker’s name is included, their first and last names should appear. ‘MP’, ‘MLC’, ‘MLA’, ‘Senator’ and other designations indicating membership of Parliament should not be included in the speaker’s name. If it is relevant, the position of the speaker within a ministry or shadow ministry (or any part of their position which is relevant) may be included after their name, preceded by a comma.

 

Reference list entry: Format and example

Citation Number. Jurisdiction, Parliamentary Debates, Chamber, Full Date of Debate, Pinpoint (Name of Speaker).

1. Commonwealth, Parliamentary Debates, Senate, 18 June 2008, 2642-4 (Bob Brown).

2. New South Wales, Parliamentary Debates, Legislative Assembly, 8 August 2018, 18 (Melinda Pavey, Minister for Roads, Maritime and Freight).

ABS and AIHW Statistics

 

The following is the general format of a reference to ABS and AIHW publications. 

  • If the author and publisher are the same, for example, Australian Bureau of Statistics, the abbreviation of ABS can be used as publisher
  • If there are personal authors, cite the item by the personal authors and use the full name of the publisher, for example, Australian Bureau of Statistics. 

 

Reference list entry: format and example

 

Citation No. Author. Title: Subtitle. Publisher; Date of Publication. Document Number if any. Accessed Date. URL

 

1.   Zubrick SR, Lawrence D, de Maio J, Biddle N. Testing the Reliability of a Measure of Aboriginal Children's Mental Health: An Analysis Based on the Western Australian Aboriginal Child Health Survey. Australian Bureau of Statistics; 2006. ABS cat no 1351.0.55.011. Accessed January 31, 2023.  https://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/subscriber.nsf/0/B9B45094C93CD3ACCA25712400156C7C/$File/1351055011_mar%202006.pdf

2.  Australian Bureau of Statistics. Regional Population: Statistics About the Population for Australia's Capital Cities and Regions. ABS; 2022. ABS cat no 3218.0. Accessed January 31, 2023. https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/mf/3218.0

3.   Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Adoptions Australia 2018–19. AIHW; 2019. AIHW cat no CWS 71. Accessed January 31, 2023. https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/adoptions/adoptions-australia-2018-19/

 

 

The general format (i.e., NOT JAMA specific) for referencing ABS publications is available online from the Australian Bureau of Statistics.

Patents

 

  • A patent is "A title of legal protection of an invention, issued, upon application and subject to meeting legal criteria, by a government office" (NISO Z39.29). 
  • Patents have two types of "authors", the inventor(s) of the device, process, or other entity being patented, and the "assignee", the organization or individual(s) holding legal title to the patent. Note that assignee is used to refer to both a single patent holder or multiple holders.
  • Cite patents under the names of the inventors and assignee, followed by the patent name, country patent no, issuing date, and the source from which the patent information can be retrieved. 

 

Reference list entry: format and example

 

Citation No. Inventor/s; Assignee. Title: subtitle. Patent Country Patent Number. Date Issued.

 

1.   Hu D, Fong K, Pinto M, et al, inventors; Spiracur Inc, assignee. Reduced pressure therapy of the sacral region. US patent 8,361,043. January 29, 2013.

2.   Wong K, inventor; Ac Designs Pty Ltd, assignee. Device and method for making bread with a cavity. Australian patent AU2022201575B2. July 7, 2022.

3.   Seiko Ohkubo, inventor; Seiko Ohkubo, assignee. Acupressure appliance for medical treatment. United Kingdom patent GB 2 350 301. November 29, 2000.

4.   Gustafsson J, inventor; Cochlear Ltd, assignee. Bone conduction magnetic retention system. US patent application 20,160,037,273. February 4, 2016.

Subjects: Referencing