For some books each chapter has an author listed and for others the whole work is written by the same author/s. If the chapter you want to use has a separate author, then cite the chapter you've read. You can cite multiple chapters you use from these books as separate entries in your reference list. Note that if the same author/s wrote the whole book (i.e. authors aren't listed for the individual chapters), then you should cite the book, not the chapter/s.
Author Names
Chapter Titles
Editor Names
Book Titles
Edition
Page Numbers
Place of Publication
Publisher
Layout and Spacing
In your research you will often encounter publications that refer to another researcher's work. This source within a source is known as a 'secondary source' and is referenced in a particular way.
Where possible, you should try to obtain the original work being referenced and read through the research to form your own opinions.
Often, however, it is impossible to obtain the original publication - it may be published in another language, or in a book or journal which is difficult to access.
In these circumstances, you are permitted to include a citation to the secondary source.
For more information on how to reference these resources see the page on Secondary sources.
The general format of a reference to a book chapter with one author is:
Reference list examples:
Every time you paraphrase, or use an idea from another source you must include an in-text citation to that source. This is the general format for a source that has 1 author:
(Author's surname, Year)
Example:
Generally, a competency model involves the achieving of learning outcomes and application of educational standards (Axley, 2008).
If you include a direct quote, that is word-for-word from another source which has 1 author, the general format of the in-text citation appears:
(Author's surname, Year, p. XX)
Example:
"Historically, nursing competence has long been associated with the more technical aspect of function" (Axley, 2008, p. 218)
NOTE: Use "p" when quoting from one page - for example (Axley, 2008, p. 218), and "pp" when quoting from more than one page - for example (Smith, 2010, pp. 134-135).
The general format of a reference to a book chapter with 2 authors is:
Reference list examples:
Every time you paraphrase, or use an idea from another source you must include an in-text citation to that source. This is the general format for a source that has 2 authors:
(1st author's surname & 2nd author's surname, Year)
Example:
... stress is also experienced by the carers themselves concerned about the future if they are unable to provide support (Bowey & McGlaughlin, 2007).
If you include a direct quote, that is word-for-word from another source which has 2 authors, the general format of the in-text citation appears as:
(1st author's surname & 2nd author's surname, Year, p. XX)
Example:
..."assessed the effectiveness of the massage by measuring the patient's vital signs, self reported anxiety and perceptions of pain" (Mok & Woo, 2004, p. 211).
NOTE: Use "p" when quoting from one page - for example (Smith & Brown, 2010, p. 110), and "pp" when quoting from more than one page - for example (Smith & Brown, 2010, pp. 134-135).
The general format of a reference to a book chapter with 3-7 authors is:
Reference list examples:
Every time you paraphrase, or use an idea from another source you must include an in-text citation to that source. For 3-5 authors in-text citations are divided into rules for the first use and then any subsequent use as shown below.
If the source has 3-5 authors include all authors names within the in-text citation the first time the source is cited, in the format:
(1st Author's surname, 2nd Author's surname, 3rd Author's surname, 4th Author's surname, 5th Author's surname, Year)
Example:
... as described in a case series on manual therapy and exercise treatment for patients with hip osteoarthritis (McDonald, Whitman, Cleland, Smith, & Hoeksma, 2010)
In subsequent in-text citations, include just the first author's surname followed by "et al. ":
(1st Author's surname et al., Year)
Example:
... techniques including visual observations during ambulation on a flat surface (McDonald et al., 2014)
If you include a direct quote, that is word-for-word from another source which has 3-5 authors, the general format of the in-text citation appears as:
First usage in-text usage:
(1st Author's surname, 2nd Author's surname, 3rd Author's surname, 4th Author's surname, 5th Author's surname, Year, p. XX)
Any subsequent use of the same resource would then be:
(1st author's surname et al., Year, p. XX)
Example:
Technology is an "ever-growing medium" (Sanders, Park, Stanley, Cox, & Drake, 2013, p. 85) within the classroom . While it is true that ...
... Sanders et al. (2013) reported a "direct proportional increase" (p. 92) in the understanding of these new technologies in a classroom setting.
NOTE: Use "p" when quoting from one page - for example (Jorm et al., 2013, p. 4), and "pp" when quoting from more than one page - for example (Jorm et al., 2013, pp. 21-22).
Every time you paraphrase, or use an idea from another source you must include an in-text citation to that source. This is the general format for a source that has 6 or more authors:
(1st author's surname et al., Year)
Example:
... comparison and sampling based on the grounded theory model formed the basis for data analysis (Endacott et al., 2004)
If you include a direct quote, that is word-for-word from another source which has 6 or more authors, the general format of the in-text citation appears as:
(1st author's surname et al., Year, p. XX)
Example:
... "NS-RPLND has been suggested as an alternative for patients reluctant to receive chemotherapy or undergo regular surveillance, the latter being psychologically stressful" (Kopp et al., 2011, p. 646).
NOTE: Use "p" when quoting from one page - for example (Jorm et al., 2013, p. 4), and "pp" when quoting from more than one page - for example (Jorm et al., 2013, pp. 21-22).
| Looking for Kozier and Erb's Fundamentals of Nursing (Australian edition)? Don't reference the whole book - reference the individual chapters using the authors listed on each one - see this page for more information. |
The general format of a reference to a print book chapter with 8 or more authors is:
Reference list examples:
Every time you paraphrase, or use an idea from another source you must include an in-text citation to that source. This is the general format for a source that has 6 or more authors:
(1st author's surname et al., Year)
Example:
... comparison and sampling based on the grounded theory model formed the basis for data analysis (Endacott et al., 2004)
If you include a direct quote, that is word-for-word from another source which has 6 or more authors, the general format of the in-text citation appears as:
(1st author's surname et al., Year, p. XX)
Example:
... "NS-RPLND has been suggested as an alternative for patients reluctant to receive chemotherapy or undergo regular surveillance, the latter being psychologically stressful" (Kopp et al., 2011, p. 646).
NOTE: Use "p" when quoting from one page - for example (Jorm et al., 2013, p. 4), and "pp" when quoting from more than one page - for example (Jorm et al., 2013, p. 21-22).
There has been an increase recently in the number of publications (especially Australasian editions) where multiple authors are listed on the cover that are not editors, but rather contributors to individual chapters. This means that each chapter will have separate authors listed, dictating how the references should be handled.
Note that if the same author/s wrote the whole book (i.e. authors aren't listed for the individual chapters), then you should cite the book, not the chapter/s.
A few examples of popular titles that fall into the authors-not-editors category are listed below:
> For Smeltzer & Bare’s Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Third Edition) see the next section <
APA does not as yet have clear guidelines for referencing chapters from books such as these. The Library has consulted with APA experts and recommends the following patterns, based on the template for chapters from edited books.
For books by up to 7 authors:
For books by 8+ authors:
Include the first 6 authors, add '...' then list the final author.
Reference list examples:
The in-text citations for the above would only include the chapter author/s. As an example, the in-text citation for the chapter from 'Kozier and Erb's fundamentals of nursing' would be (Hales, 2018).
Smeltzer & Bare’s Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Third Edition) [catalogue link]
Notes for referencing:
Recommendations:
There would be two potential options here:
1) Reference as a standard book with Farrell and Dempsey as the authors (Vol. 1 used in example):
2) Reference as an edited book with Farrell and Dempsey as the editors (Vol. 2 used in example):
While number 2 would be the most technically correct, Farrell and Dempsey are referred to as authors (rather than editors) in multiple locations in the book, so number 1 may be the preferred option.
The in-text citation for either option would then be (Farrell & Dempsey, 2014)
eBook chapters follow the same author formatting patterns as those of physical books, the difference being that the physical publication information is removed to show the electronic access.
In the case of ebooks with a DOI the publication section of the citation is replaced by "doi:" and then the individual chapter's DOI, as shown below:
General guidelines:
Reference list examples:
eBook chapters follow the same author formatting patterns as those of physical books, the difference being that the physical publication information is removed to show the electronic access. In the case of ebooks with a URL (i.e. without a DOI) the publication section of the citation is replaced by a retrieval statement, as shown below:
General guidelines:
Reference list examples:
The general format of a reference for a topic with an author is:
The general format of a reference for a topic without an author is:
For entries with an author:
Follow standard practice:
(Author surname, Year)
For entries without an author:
Enclose the title of the topic in double quotation marks, followed by the year of publication, in the format:
(“First few words of the title”, Year)
Example:
...based on an fairy tale about three lucky Sri Lankan princes ("Serendipity", 2015).
Course readers and compiled texts are usually collections of chapters and articles specifically chosen as readings for a particular subject.
To reference from these publications see the notes on the Course Material page.
