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APA 6th Style:  Interviews, email (Personal comm)

UON Library guide for APA 6th

Personal communication

Personal communication

 

The APA manual identifies the following examples of personal communications:

  • emails
  • private letters
  • memos
  • personal interviews
  • telephone conversations

Whilst personal communications should be cited in-text, an entry is not included in the reference list.

To cite in-text include the initials and surname of the author, plus the day month and year of the communication.

In-text example

C. Brisden (personal communication, June 4, 2010) commented ...

or,

... theories and guidelines were significantly aligned (J.T. Bowen, email, February 25, 2010).

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